Table 1

Characteristics of the 201 patients enrolled in the study according to the presence (+) or absence (-) of diabetic retinopathy.


DR(+) n = 47
DR(-) n = 154
P value

baPWV (m/s)
20.13 ± 3.66
17.14 ± 3.60
<0.001
AI (%)
19.5 ± 15.2
14.8 ± 20.4
0.14
Height (m)
1.59 ± 0.08
1.63 ± 0.08
0.003
Age (years)
61.1 ± 10.6
59.7 ± 11.2
0.44
Men (n)
25 (53%)
110 (71%)
0.03
Duration (years)
13.0 ± 8.5
8.6 ± 7.5
<0.001
Systolic BP (mmHg)
142.7 ± 16.3
129.3 ± 17.9
<0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
82.8 ± 11.1
78.3 ± 9.56
0.007
Heart rate (beat/min)
72.4 ± 12.0
66.3 ± 10.5
0.001
HbA1c (%)
7.2 ± 1.5
7.4 ± 1.9
0.56
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.88 ± 2.74
5.14 ± 0.89
0.004
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.40 ± 0.47
1.31 ± 0.40
0.22
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.68 ± 0.88
1.74 ± 1.12
0.75
Nephropathy
27 (18%)
27 (57%)
<0.001
Antihypertensive agents (yes/no)
129/150
251/629
<0.001

Mean values are indicated ± the standard deviation. DR, diabetic retinopathy.

Ogawa et al. Cardiovascular Diabetology 2008 7:11   doi:10.1186/1475-2840-7-11