|
Baseline characteristics of the FIELD study cohort |
|||||
| Characteristic |
Category |
Screened, not randomized (n = 4105) |
Randomized (n = 9795) |
||
| n |
% |
n |
% |
||
|
|
|||||
| Sex |
Male |
2424 |
59.0 |
6138 |
62.7 |
| Female |
1681 |
41.0 |
3657 |
37.3 |
|
| Age at Visit 1 (years) |
<55 |
682 |
16.6 |
1668 |
17.0 |
| 55–59 |
802 |
19.5 |
1976 |
20.2 |
|
| 60–64 |
856 |
20.8 |
2196 |
22.4 |
|
| 65–69 |
888 |
21.7 |
2202 |
22.5 |
|
| 70+ |
877 |
21.4 |
1753 |
17.9 |
|
| Ethnicity* |
Caucasian |
3757 |
91.5 |
9093 |
92.8 |
| Indigenous |
161 |
3.9 |
258 |
2.6 |
|
| Asian |
93 |
2.3 |
141 |
1.4 |
|
| Other |
94 |
2.3 |
303 |
3.1 |
|
| Body mass index (kg/m2) (BMI) |
BMI < 25 |
805 |
19.6 |
1198 |
12.2 |
| 25 ≤ BMI < 30 |
1511 |
36.8 |
3855 |
39.4 |
|
| 30 ≤ BMI < 35 |
1099 |
26.8 |
2869 |
29.3 |
|
| BMI ≥ 35 |
652 |
15.9 |
1866 |
19.1 |
|
| Waist (cm) |
Female (mean ± SD) |
98 ± 15 |
101 ± 14 |
||
| Male (mean ± SD) |
103 ± 13 |
105 ± 12 |
|||
| Waist-hip ratio |
ratio < 0.8 |
242 |
5.9 |
333 |
3.4 |
| 0.8 ≤ ratio < 0.9 |
1184 |
28.8 |
2531 |
25.8 |
|
| 0.9 ≤ ratio < 1.0 |
1931 |
47.0 |
4942 |
50.5 |
|
| 1.0 ≤ ratio < 1.1 |
645 |
15.7 |
1797 |
18.4 |
|
| ratio ≥ 1.1 |
73 |
1.8 |
179 |
1.8 |
|
| Smoking (cigarettes) |
Nonsmoker |
1735 |
42.3 |
4000 |
40.8 |
| Ex-smoker |
1933 |
47.1 |
4908 |
50.1 |
|
| Current smoker |
404 |
9.8 |
887 |
9.1 |
|
| Clinical history |
Prior cardiovascular disease † |
1045 |
25.4 |
2131 |
21.8 |
| Prior myocardial infarction |
278 |
6.7 |
485 |
5.0 |
|
| Stroke |
194 |
4.7 |
346 |
3.5 |
|
| Angina |
588 |
14.3 |
1188 |
12.1 |
|
| Hypertension |
2247 |
54.7 |
5544 |
56.6 |
|
| Claudication or peripheral vascular disease |
351 |
8.6 |
711 |
7.2 |
|
| Transient ischemic attack |
155 |
3.8 |
307 |
3.1 |
|
| Prior coronary revascularisation |
No CABG or PTCA |
3908 |
95.2 |
9432 |
96.3 |
| CABG only |
122 |
3.0 |
230 |
2.4 |
|
| PTCA only |
49 |
1.2 |
102 |
1.0 |
|
| CABG and PTCA |
26 |
0.6 |
31 |
0.3 |
|
| Diabetes management |
Diet only |
1119 |
27.3 |
2542 |
26.0 |
| Diet + OH only |
2238 |
54.5 |
5874 |
60.0 |
|
| Diet + insulin |
429 |
10.5 |
569 |
5.8 |
|
| Diet + OH + insulin |
319 |
7.8 |
810 |
8.3 |
|
| Diabetic complications ‡ |
Retinopathy |
431 |
10.5 |
814 |
8.3 |
| Neuropathy |
636 |
15.5 |
1394 |
14.2 |
|
| Nephropathy |
161 |
3.9 |
279 |
2.9 |
|
| Skin ulcers |
139 |
3.4 |
299 |
3.1 |
|
| Amputations |
106 |
2.6 |
176 |
1.8 |
|
| Diabetes diagnosis ‡ |
Age at diagnosis (mean ± SD) |
54.8 ± 8.7 |
55.5 ± 8.3 |
||
| Median duration of diabetes in years (quartile 1, quartile 3) |
6 (2, 11) |
5 2, 10 |
|||
|
* Patients are assumed to be Caucasian unless otherwise stated. Indigenous includes Aborigines, Torres Strait Islanders, Maori and Pacific Islanders. Other includes mixed races, African-American, Indian, African, etc. † Prior cardiovascular disease is defined as a reported history of myocardial infarction, angina (stable and unstable), coronary revascularization (CABG or PTCA), stroke, claudication or peripheral vascular disease or peripheral revascularization before randomization. The count includes 13 randomized patients and 10 nonrandomized patients who suffered or reported a cardiovascular event during the run-in period (visit 1 to visit 4 (randomization)). ‡ Diabetic complications and age at diabetes diagnosis are self-reported. CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; PTCA = percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SD = standard deviation; OH = oral hypoglycemic agents | |||||
The FIELD Study Investigators Cardiovascular Diabetology 2005 4:13 doi:10.1186/1475-2840-4-13 |
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