Table 2

Hormone effects on the autonomic nervous system.


Sympathetic function
Vagal function

Insulin
↑ [10]
↓ [11]
Angiotensin 2
↑ [42]
↓ [43]
Aldosterone
?
↓ [55]
Leptin
↑ [17]
?

Sympathetic effects of hormones were derived from published evidence either from direct nerve recordings or power-spectral analysis of heart rate (low-frequency band). Vagal effects of hormones were assumed when heart rate variability was demonstrated to increase or when changes in the high-frequency band of power-spectral analysis of heart rate occurred. Arrows indicate the direction of the hormone-mediated changes, question marks indicate unknown effects.

Pliquett et al. Cardiovascular Diabetology 2004 3:4   doi:10.1186/1475-2840-3-4